Legislature(1993 - 1994)

01/28/1993 10:10 AM Senate O&G

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
txt
                                                                               
                     JOINT HOUSE AND SENATE                                    
                 SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON OIL & GAS                                
                        January 28, 1993                                       
                           10:10 a.m.                                          
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MEMBERS PRESENT                                                              
                                                                               
  Representative Joe Green, Chairman                                           
  Representative Harley Olberg                                                 
  Representative Gary Davis                                                    
  Representative Jerry Sanders                                                 
  Representative Joe Sitton                                                    
                                                                               
  MEMBERS ABSENT                                                               
                                                                               
  Representative Pete Kott, Vice-Chairman                                      
  Representative Jerry Mackie                                                  
                                                                               
  OTHER HOUSE MEMBERS PRESENT                                                  
                                                                               
  Representative Kay Brown                                                     
  Representative Cynthia Toohey                                                
                                                                               
  SENATE MEMBERS PRESENT                                                       
                                                                               
  Senator Loren Leman                                                          
  Senator Bert Sharp                                                           
                                                                               
  COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                           
                                                                               
  Overview of  Division of  Oil &  Gas  Department of  Natural                 
  Resources                                                                    
                                                                               
  WITNESS REGISTER                                                             
                                                                               
  David Johnston, Chairman/Commissioner                                        
  Alaska Oil and Gas Conservation Commission                                   
  Department of Natural Resources                                              
  3001 Porcupine Drive                                                         
  Anchorage, Alaska  99501-3120                                                
  279-1433                                                                     
  POSITION STATEMENT: Gave an overview of the Commission                       
                                                                               
  Jim Eason, Director                                                          
  Division of Oil and Gas                                                      
  P.O. Box 107034                                                              
  Anchorage, Alaska  99510-0734                                                
  762-2547                                                                     
  POSITION STATEMENT: Gave an overview of the Division                         
                                                                               
  Ken Boyd, Deputy Director                                                    
  Division of Oil and Gas                                                      
  P.O. Box 107034                                                              
                                                                               
                                                                               
  Anchorage, Alaska  99510-0734                                                
  762-2547                                                                     
  POSITION STATEMENT: Provided information about the Division                  
                                                                               
  ACTION NARRATIVE                                                             
                                                                               
  Tape 93-2, Side A                                                            
  Number 000                                                                   
                                                                               
  The House Special Committee on Oil & Gas was called to order                 
  by Chairman Joe  Green at 10:10  a.m.  Members present  were                 
  Representatives Green, Olberg, Davis, Sanders and Sitton.                    
                                                                               
  CHAIRMAN GREEN announced the meeting  was being held jointly                 
  with the Senate and turned the gavel over to Senator Leman.                  
                                                                               
  Number 016                                                                   
                                                                               
  SENATOR  LOREN LEMAN,  CO-CHAIR, announced  that because  of                 
  other conflicts, other  Senators were unable to  attend, but                 
  he expected to  be joined by at least one of his colleagues,                 
  and that the meeting would be considered a work session.  He                 
  then returned the gavel to Co-Chair Green.                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN acknowledged  the presence of  Representative                 
  Cynthia Toohey.  He then  called on the Chairman of  the Oil                 
  and Gas Conservation  Commission, Mr. Dave Johnston  to give                 
  the first overview.                                                          
                                                                               
  Number 028                                                                   
                                                                               
  DAVID JOHNSTON,  CHAIRMAN/COMMISSIONER, ALASKA  OIL AND  GAS                 
  CONSERVATION  COMMISSION  (the  Commission),  DEPARTMENT  OF                 
  NATURAL RESOURCES (DNR),  stated the  Commission had a  very                 
  powerful statutory mandate and believed there was inadequate                 
  understanding of the role of the  Commission in terms of oil                 
  and  gas development in the  state.  He encouraged questions                 
  and answers because  he believed questions and  answers were                 
  probably a little bit more productive than a song and dance.                 
                                                                               
                                                                               
  Number 037                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON stated the Commission was an independent quasi-                 
  judicial agency of the state of Alaska that had been given a                 
  broad  statutory  mandate  to  prevent  waste,  protect  the                 
  correlative rights  of the  business owner,  and insure  the                 
  ultimate recovery  feasibly  possible  was  obtained.    The                 
  Commission  also  implicated  a  program   for  the  federal                 
  government,  called  "The   Underground  Injection   Control                 
  Program" for  class two  oil and  gas wells,  in the  state,                 
  which was partially funded with federal government funds, he                 
  advised.                                                                     
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON  added the  Commission  basically served  as a                 
  forum to  adjudicate  disputes between  industry  and  state                 
  government.  He believed there was  a lot of confusion about                 
  waste, though the  average citizen  recognized waste on  the                 
  surface.   The catastrophic  release of  oil  and gas  would                 
  constitute  waste,  he  said,  and  hoped  the  Commission's                 
  actions would, in fact, prevent such an occurrence by, among                 
  other ways, ensuring that drill  rigs were properly equipped                 
  with prevention  equipment,  and proper  mud consistency  to                 
  control actual drilling operations.                                          
                                                                               
  Number 057                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON  believed  a  more  important  aspect  of  the                 
  Commission was  the protection  of reservoir energy  itself.                 
  The  Commission  was  looking  for  development  plans  from                 
  industry that intelligently developed reservoirs in a manner                 
  that preserved the energy in order to recover as much of the                 
  resource  as  possible,   he  said.    This  argued  for  an                 
  understanding  of the reservoir, the geology, geophysics and                 
  strategy,  elements which  dictated aspects  of development,                 
  drilling, completion,  and maintenance  of pressure  through                 
  enhanced  recovery  operations.   These  are the  things the                 
  Commission basically focused on, he stressed.                                
                                                                               
  Number 072                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON  stated  the  Commission kept  an  eye  on  the                 
  activities of industry  to ensure  their plans for  enhanced                 
  recovery,  water-plug operations,  and gas  flood operations                 
  were done  in a  manner that  made sense,  and enhanced  the                 
  overall recovery of the resource.  He added the Commission's                 
  work, if  done well,  benefitted all  Alaskans, by  ensuring                 
  worker safety, and the protection of the environment.                        
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON did not believe the state had adequately funded                 
  the  Commission.  He pointed  out funding for the Commission                 
  in the early  1980s was  about $2.5 million  dollars with  a                 
  staff of 27  employees.  Since  about 1983, funding for  the                 
  Commission  had  steadily  dropped,  which  compromised  the                 
  Commission's  ability  to  carry  out  its  functions.    He                 
  disclosed the Commission's budget was currently $1.8 million                 
  dollars with a  staff of 22.   He pointed out the  state, in                 
  establishing the Commission, had established the oil and gas                 
  conservation  tax to  provide a  source  of revenue  for the                 
  Commission, but  that tax  had been  going into the  general                 
  fund.                                                                        
                                                                               
  Number 123                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON  stated  currently  the  tax brought  in  $2.3                 
  million  dollars,  and  the  Commission's  budget  was  $1.8                 
  million dollars, a gap of $500,000 with which the Commission                 
  could expand its capability and oversight.  He disclosed the                 
                                                                               
                                                                               
  Commission  had  the  power  to  subpoena  witnesses,  level                 
  penalties  of up to $5,000 per  day for the violation of the                 
  order and regulation of statutes of the  Commission, but did                 
  not have the staff to do those things.                                       
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON hoped  to heighten the  legislature's awareness                 
  of the underfunding of the  Commission and requested support                 
  relative  to utilizing the conservation tax  for what it was                 
  originally intended, that being funding the  Commission, and                 
  submitted that  if the  legislature was  not prepared to  do                 
  that then the conservation tax  should be reexamined and the                 
  mill rate  possibly  lowered.   He concluded  by noting  his                 
  frustration about the lack of support given the Commission.                  
                                                                               
  Number 158                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN  requested confirmation  that the  Commission                 
  was empowered with the responsibilities as well as the power                 
  to actually go  on board every  time a well was  drilled and                 
  look at various phases of the drilling.                                      
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON clarified the Commission had the power, but not                 
  the capability to visit every well.  However, the Commission                 
  did attempt to  visit every exploratory well.   He disclosed                 
  the Commission had five inspectors, an  increase by two from                 
  the  previous  year.   The Commission  also  tried to  get a                 
  reasonable  sampling   of  other  development   wells  being                 
  drilled, he added.                                                           
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON  pointed  out the  Commission  had a  lot  more                 
  responsibilities than just  looking at  drill rigs, such  as                 
  ensuring that  waste did not  occur by, among  other things,                 
  the  inspection   of  safety  valves.     Additionally,  the                 
  Commission was responsible  for the  measurement of oil  and                 
  gas  to  determine  quality  and   quantity.    Lately,  the                 
  Commission have been definitely  focused on that  particular                 
  aspect,  which was  one of  the highest  priorities  at this                 
  point, he added.                                                             
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON noted one of the Commission's inspectors had  a                 
  mechanical engineering degree,  and this inspector  would be                 
  the key  person on  metering.   Currently, steps  were being                 
  taken to ensure he was properly trained, he advised.                         
                                                                               
  Number 193                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE JOE SITTON inquired about the  qualifications                 
  of inspectors, their pay levels, and whether or not they had                 
  industry ties or backgrounds.                                                
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON disclosed the Commission looked for people that                 
  had been in the  field, knew the rigs, knew  the operations,                 
  had  actually worked hands on, gotten  their hands dirty and                 
  understood what  it was to drill an oil  and gas well in the                 
                                                                               
                                                                               
  state  of  Alaska.   Taken  together  the  Commission's five                 
  inspectors had over 95 years  combined experience in the oil                 
  patch, he said.   That level of experience was  something he                 
  felt very  comfortable about building  an inspection program                 
  around.                                                                      
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON advised inspectors were paid  at a range 21 and                 
  were  allowed  to float  upward  as they  gained experience.                 
  Currently the Commission had inspectors that ranged from 21A                 
  to 21J, he added.                                                            
                                                                               
  Number 232                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN acknowledged the presence of  Representatives                 
  Brown and Mackie.                                                            
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE  JERRY SANDERS  inquired into  the number  of                 
  Commission staff at its inception.                                           
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON  disclosed   in  1983,  its  peak   year,  the                 
  Commission had a budget of $2.7  million dollars and a staff                 
  of 27, which included five inspectors, a cadre of  petroleum                 
  engineers,   petroleum   geologists,   and  support   staff.                 
  Currently, the Commission's  professional staff consisted of                 
  three engineers and one geologist, he concluded.                             
                                                                               
  Number 245                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE  SANDERS  requested clarification  on whether                 
  1983  was  the peak  year or  the  year of  the Commission's                 
  inception.                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON clarified  1983 was the  peak year, and that  a                 
  gradual reduction began  in 1984 or  1985.   He said it  was                 
  clear that the Commission was not spending the entire amount                 
  of money that had been earmarked for it.                                     
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE SANDERS had always  been under the impression                 
  that things  like  that did  not happen  in government,  and                 
  wondered how that happened.                                                  
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON noted the early 1980s was a period of time when                 
  the state was  flushed with a lot of money and, therefore, a                 
  lot  of  money was  being  directed  at a  lot  of different                 
  agencies, one of  which was the  Commission.  He said  there                 
  was a lot of money left on the table in terms of contractual                 
  work,  and  the  Commission  had  hundreds of  thousands  of                 
  dollars turned back because  there was no need or  reason to                 
  spend at that level.                                                         
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON  was amazed that  the Commission was  funded at                 
  what he deemed to be an inadequate level given its mandate.                  
                                                                               
  Number 274                                                                   
                                                                               
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE SANDERS  wondered whether this  represented a                 
  learning curve.                                                              
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON felt there was probably some truth to that.  He                 
  stated  it  was necessary  to  have  some money  devoted  to                 
  understanding  the  development  of  a huge  reservoir  like                 
  Prudhoe  Bay,  in  late 1970s  or  early  1980s.   From  his                 
  perspective,  the  downsizing   of  industry  provided  some                 
  incentive for ways to cut corners.  He submitted the role of                 
  the Commission in assuring development  occurred in a manner                 
  that did not  jeopardize the resource  and was every bit  as                 
  compelling today from the standpoint of ensuring things were                 
  being done properly.                                                         
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON did  not want to  see industry cutting back  to                 
  the point where  they compromised  their ability to  develop                 
  reservoirs properly.   He felt  he should be  doing more  to                 
  ensure inspectors were  working as hard  as possible to  see                 
  things were being done properly.   He should be doing things                 
  in the office,  in terms  of looking at  the management  and                 
  surveyance  aspects  of  reservoir  development,  to  ensure                 
  things were not  being done  that only benefitted  industry,                 
  but benefitted the state of Alaska as well, he said.                         
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON wanted to build a  decent program for the state                 
  and  show  that  the  Commission  was strong,  committed  to                 
  resource development, and was doing those things that it was                 
  originally intended to do.                                                   
                                                                               
  Number 314                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR  GREEN  interjected  that  this  was not  a  budget                 
  hearing, but an overview of the Commission.  For the benefit                 
  of the members, he added a little insight to  the history of                 
  the Commission that went  back before 1983.  He  alleged the                 
  Commission, in the 1970s, was called the Division of Oil and                 
  Gas, and it was a  division under the DNR.  In about 1978 or                 
  so   there  was   legislation   passed  that   created   the                 
  Conservation  Commission  much   like  the  Texas   Railroad                 
  Commission.  Soon thereafter what is now the Division of Oil                 
  and  Gas and at the  same time the  Division of Mines, under                 
  DNR, were under one Division called the Division of Minerals                 
  and Energy Management.  That became such a  large cumbersome                 
  thing through  various reasons  it was split  and those  two                 
  divisions became the landowner, he advised.                                  
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN advised  further that in 1983  the Commission                 
  was established and given police power.  He thought this was                 
  a very good sign.                                                            
                                                                               
  Number 353                                                                   
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON emphasized the  statutory authorities, and  was                 
  amazed at the  Commission's potential, given the  ability to                 
  subpoena witnesses and records.  He felt that was a powerful                 
  tool that  ought to be utilized when  and where appropriate.                 
  Again, he argued for a certain capability to do that.                        
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN was sympathetic to the Commission's problems,                 
  and was  certain that when  there was  separate funding  for                 
  this specific project it should be addressed very definitely                 
  in the budget review.                                                        
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON apologized for his frustrations.                                
                                                                               
  Number 365                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE  KAY  BROWN  concurred   generally  with  Mr.                 
  Johnston  about  the   need  for  more  resources   for  the                 
  Commission.    She  requested  a  brief  discussion  of  Mr.                 
  Johnston's  estimation  of  the state's  knowledge  of  what                 
  effect gas  sales would  have.   She noted  the Commission's                 
  most pressing issues for the coming year were to investigate                 
  the effects of gas sales in  Prudhoe Bay, and advised of her                 
  knowledge gained during the 17th  Legislative Session on the                 
  effect of premature gas sales.                                               
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON  surmised the development  of gas  sales was  a                 
  priority of the governor.  He advised that in November, 1990                 
  or 1991, the Commission held hearings under the expansion of                 
  the  Prudhoe  Bay  Municipal  Gas Project.    Part  of  that                 
  testimony was to bring the state up to date on what had gone                 
  on  in the  development of Prudhoe  Bay, which  disclosed in                 
  part,  that   premature gas  sales created the  potential of                 
  losing oil recovery.  Depending on the dates, offtake rates,                 
  and a lot of  different factors, estimates of plus  or minus                 
  400  million to one billion barrels  of oil were potentially                 
  at risk, he concluded.                                                       
                                                                               
  Number 403                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR  GREEN clarified  Mr.  Johnston  was talking  about                 
  Prudhoe Bay.                                                                 
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON concurred.  He commented on the size of Prudhoe                 
  Bay, and declared  the Commission  would like to  understand                 
  that effect a lot better.   Currently, the Commission had no                 
  way to independently verify the information it received from                 
  industry,  but  simply  looked  at  it from  an  engineering                 
  perspective, he said,  and wondered whether that  was proper                 
  state oversight.   He  said further  that when  you had  400                 
  million to one  billion barrels  of oil at  risk that  meant                 
  some serious dollars,  and that was something  that ought to                 
  be looked at very seriously.                                                 
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON spoke of the  Commission's request earlier this                 
  year  for $500,000  to audit  the production  models of  the                 
  Prudhoe Bay owners:   Exxon,  BP and Arco.   An  independent                 
  model  by  the  Commission  would  cost  10  times  that, he                 
  declared.  The Commission wanted to  audit the models to see                 
  what they were  saying and whether they  were done properly.                 
  Unfortunately,  that  request was  not forthcoming  and, the                 
  Commission had to establish a gas octane rate, he added.                     
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON iterated that with  400 million to one billion                 
  barrels of oil  possibly at risk, it made sense  to "throw a                 
  little money at  this thing to make  sure you got the  right                 
  answer."                                                                     
                                                                               
  Number 444                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN asked if the prevention of waste was also one                 
  of the Commission's mandates.                                                
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON declared  once the proposal got  serious and an                 
  actual  proposition  was  put  forth,  the  next  thing  the                 
  Commission had  to do  was establish  the gas  offtake.   He                 
  noted a  gas offtake  rate had  been  established back  when                 
  Prudhoe Bay  came on,  in Conservation  Order 145,  which he                 
  believed was in 1979.  He wanted to ensure the offtake  rate                 
  was proper and if not, it should be changed.                                 
                                                                               
  Number 459                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE  HARLEY OLBERG clarified  400 million  to one                 
  billion barrels of oil  would be at risk if  natural gas was                 
  withdrawn.                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON replied in  the affirmative, but added  the key                 
  question was to  assume.  He  noted currently gas was  being                 
  used  to maintain pressure  at the reservoir,  and gas sales                 
  would deplete that pressure at a  greater rate than if there                 
  were no  gas sales.   This  could be  mitigated by  expanded                 
  water floods,  he believed, and  mentioned the  Commission's                 
  interest in a plan of attack that would optimize recovery of                 
  both resources; not benefit the recovery of just gas or just                 
  oil, but look at it as hydrocarbon.                                          
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON stated  in that equation the  Commission wanted                 
  to understand  the mechanisms, alternatives,  and mitigation                 
  techniques  on proposed  gas sales,  and how  they  would be                 
  offset.  He cautioned the need for at least an understanding                 
  of what was occurring and thought  there might be some other                 
  ways to go about that with some sophisticated water flooding                 
  techniques, flooding behind the gas cap, or other techniques                 
  that were not  yet understood.   He believed gas sales  were                 
  greater, but should be done in an intelligent manner.                        
                                                                               
  Number 497                                                                   
                                                                               
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN wondered if  it was fair to assume  that what                 
  would be good from the Commission's standpoint would also be                 
  primarily parallel with what the operators would think.   He                 
  also wondered  if the operators would not be concerned about                 
  giving up 1.4 million to a billion barrels of oil toward gas                 
  sales, given the tremendous difference in value.                             
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN noted the operators  had recently spent about                 
  one million dollars  for a GHX2  project that recycled  gas.                 
  He asked if that fell within the Commission's purview.                       
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON acknowledged  the Commission  played a role  in                 
  the GHX2 project.  He was  convinced that industry was doing                 
  everything possible to properly manage the reservoir.                        
                                                                               
  Number 508                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR LEMAN acknowledged the presence of Senator Sharp, a                 
  member of the Senate  Special Committee on Oil and  Gas, and                 
  noted they were still in a work session.                                     
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE BROWN concurred with the observation that the                 
  state's interest ran parallel to that of the producers.  She                 
  understood  dozens or  hundreds  of different  scenarios for                 
  reservoir  development   were  looked   at,  of   which  the                 
  Commission  might  end up  seeing  maybe  one or  two.   She                 
  believed  there  was   real  value  in  having   a  thorough                 
  understanding of all options, and  hoped the committee could                 
  spend a little  more time on this  in the future.   She felt                 
  there were a lot of things to contemplate here in respect to                 
  current policies.                                                            
                                                                               
  Number 517                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN  believed there  could be  a difference  even                 
  though one might be  tracking value versus waste.   He asked                 
  what  happened if  the  technology or  the  person that  was                 
  capable  of  running  a  simulation  study  or  whatever  or                 
  overseeing  another,  whatever  was   done  as  a  reservoir                 
  engineer, indicated that  the tactic the industry  might use                 
  was not as beneficial to the state as a different tactic.                    
                                                                               
  Tape 93-2, Side B                                                            
  Number 000                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON said  potentially that  would be sufficient  to                 
  call  a  public  hearing.    He  noted  the  Commission  had                 
  developed a very  close relationship with industry  over the                 
  years, and  that industry had been very forthcoming with any                 
  requested  information.     He  believed  industry  welcomed                 
  another set of eyes to look at this sort of thing, and would                 
  come to  the table and  be generally concerned  and probably                 
  alter their affairs accordingly.                                             
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON  pointed  out  the  Commission had  tremendous                 
  statutory power to compel sworn testimony and  records to be                 
  submitted, and to do those things  that the state would have                 
  to do  to ensure  their interest  was being  protected.   He                 
  added the Commission  would issue a conservation  order that                 
  would be very clear as to the Commission's intent.                           
                                                                               
  Number 030                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR   GREEN  noted   the   Commission  had   access  to                 
  information  from  every  well  that  had been  drilled  and                 
  tested, as well as subsurface information.                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON disputed that  statement, but acknowledged  the                 
  Commission had a  tremendous library with  all the well  log                 
  tapes  and  a  lot  of  written  records.   He  advised  the                 
  Commission was currently making a backup copy of every tape,                 
  and that currently there were over six gigabits of data that                 
  the   Commission   was  trying   to   preserve  for   future                 
  generations.                                                                 
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN asked if some of the Commission's information                 
  was confidential.                                                            
                                                                               
  MR.  JOHNSTON  replied   in  the   affirmative.    He   said                 
  information on the Cook well was classified.                                 
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN asked  if it was  a matter of increasing  the                 
  Commission's staff to  be able  to stay abreast  of how  the                 
  data was manipulated.                                                        
                                                                               
  Number 047                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON preferred  to have additional capabilities  for                 
  some of the  issues that  were constantly cropping  up.   He                 
  hoped  the Commission could have  the capability on par with                 
  what the state was willing to put into its pre-sale analysis                 
  capabilities.                                                                
                                                                               
  SENATOR BERT SHARP  inquired whether  the Commission in  the                 
  past had ever found significant errors of judgment as far as                 
  field production, and if the Commission  had ever ordered or                 
  forced, through  serious  negotiation, an  adjustment for  a                 
  field development or production plan.                                        
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON talked about the development of Prudhoe Bay and                 
  the modeling effort that was  done which showed Prudhoe  Bay                 
  was  rate  sensitive.   Based  on that,  the  Commission had                 
  established an  offtake rate of  1.5 million barrels  a day.                 
  Had that  rate not  been established  there might  have been                 
  production  in  excess  of  that   which  would  have  meant                 
  significant loss of revenues for that field, he stated.  The                 
  Commission  in the early 1980s did something that had proven                 
                                                                               
                                                                               
  itself many  times over  in terms  of recovery from  Prudhoe                 
  Bay, he added.                                                               
                                                                               
  Number 094                                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON  was convinced industry  was doing a  very good                 
  job, but would  much rather  have a program  where he  could                 
  gather  his own conclusions than be  reliant totally on what                 
  industry was telling  him.  He recognized budgets  needed to                 
  be  cut,  and the  need to  keep  operations efficient.   He                 
  stated the Commission was willing to step into that role and                 
  take on certain  things for  other agencies to  rely on  the                 
  Commission.                                                                  
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN  appreciated the presentation and presumed if                 
  the Committee  or the  work group  from the  Senate had  any                 
  questions they could submit them through him or  directly to                 
  the Commission.                                                              
                                                                               
  MR. JOHNSTON  said he would  be honored if  anyone contacted                 
  him directly to talk further.  He hoped to have a commission                 
  that the state could be proud  of and to that end, requested                 
  the committee's support.                                                     
                                                                               
  Number 110                                                                   
                                                                               
  JIM EASON, DIRECTOR, DIVISION OF OIL AND GAS (the Division),                 
  DNR, gave an  overview of the  Division.  In his  estimation                 
  the Division was  fairly small, but powerful.   He expounded                 
  on the types  of leases owned  by the state, with  different                 
  royalty provisions, different  lengths and effective  dates,                 
  and  different provisions  with  regard to  deductibles from                 
  their royalty payment.   The Division kept  track of whether                 
  leases were being honored  and in proper form,  and received                 
  bonuses  as well  as  royalties and  rental payments  on the                 
  state leases.  Managing the units was another responsibility                 
  of the Division, he added.                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. EASON explained that unitization  of interest meant that                 
  since fields were  larger than a  single lease, a number  of                 
  people picked up leases next to each other then pooled their                 
  leases into one  lease.  After  a determination was made  of                 
  how much each lessee owned, it  could then be determined how                 
  much each lessee owed.  He referred committee members to the                 
  unit map in  the packets  he passed out  and discussed  some                 
  different areas on the map and different drilling points.                    
                                                                               
  Number 289                                                                   
                                                                               
  KEN  BOYD, DEPUTY  DIRECTOR, DIVISION  OF OIL AND  GAS, DNR,                 
  advised that the numbers on the maps had  a series of tables                 
  that referred to each well.                                                  
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR. EASON believed  the oil  and gas leasing  program was  a                 
  very  important part of  understanding the  Division's work.                 
  He  disclosed  the  state  had offered  leases  on  about 14                 
  million acres of state owned land.  He explained that a sale                 
  began by announcing the sale and calling for comments; then,                 
  over  the  five year  scheduled  period  and the  two  years                 
  immediately preceding the sale a  number of things happened,                 
  including  a systematic  call for  specific  information, an                 
  opportunity for public,  state, and  other agencies to  make                 
  comments for consideration by the  commissioner for terms of                 
  that sale.   There were a few exempt sales that did not have                 
  to go through this process, he added.                                        
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN asked how the Division went about determining                 
  which areas to lease.                                                        
                                                                               
  MR. EASON reiterated  a call  for comments on  the sale  was                 
  made, a call  for recommendations from the  public, industry                 
  or any interested party.                                                     
                                                                               
  Number 382                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE CYNTHIA TOOHEY inquired whether data from the                 
  original lease could be used to speed up the process.                        
                                                                               
  MR. EASON replied in the affirmative.                                        
                                                                               
  Number 429                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR  GREEN  asked  whether  the  hearings  created  the                 
  differences among the  lease requirements  from one sale  to                 
  another.                                                                     
                                                                               
  MR. EASON clarified they were not hearings, but confidential                 
  closed discussions.                                                          
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN was  under the  impression that the  Division                 
  heard from environmentalists, agencies,  and the public, and                 
  that some of those requirements in  order to allow the lease                 
  sales to go  forward might cause  stipulations on one  lease                 
  that would not necessarily be on another.                                    
                                                                               
  MR. EASON concurred.   He added that over time  the Division                 
  had developed  minimal requirements  that brought  potential                 
  problems  to the surface.  Those things were consistent with                 
  and  a  requirement of  each  lease.    The  Division  noted                 
  specific  problems  that  people  brought  up,  as  well  as                 
  suggestions for eliminating those problems, he said.                         
                                                                               
  MR. EASON talked about methane being a natural, dry gas.  He                 
  pointed out methane was trapped in coal beds.                                
                                                                               
  Number  521                                                                  
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR. BOYD advised coal  bed methane was a large  project that                 
  the  Division  hoped would  go  on  for several  years.   He                 
  disclosed the Division  was asking  for $300,000 to  compile                 
  data, do research, map and analyze areas with the  potential                 
  for  generating  coal  bed  methane.    If  successful,  the                 
  Division  would  then request  additional  funds to  begin a                 
  drilling program, he stated.                                                 
                                                                               
  MR. BOYD  added that  cystic data was  generated by  putting                 
  sound waves into  the ground.   He said, "You are  basically                 
  looking at subsurface and it takes a specialist to take this                 
  data, combine it into a map and then analyze the results."                   
                                                                               
  Tape 93-3, Side A                                                            
  Number  000                                                                  
                                                                               
  MR. BOYD spoke  about gravity and  magnet data.  He  advised                 
  the Division would compile  this data to use as  a marketing                 
  tool.                                                                        
                                                                               
  MR. EASON added gravity and magnetic data  were first paths,                 
  and a companion piece to go with a piece of legislation that                 
  the administration intended  to introduce.   "We have  large                 
  block  licensing bill,  and  this is  a  companion piece  of                 
  leasing apparatus  that does  not replace  or supercede  our                 
  competitive leasing program," he said.                                       
                                                                               
  MR. EASON believed  competitive leasing worked just  fine in                 
  Cook Inlet and  on the North Slope.  He noted there had been                 
  the opportunity  to  offer leases  in many  of the  interior                 
  basins for  years under the competitive  leasing provisions,                 
  but there simply  had been no interest.   Over the  past two                 
  years the  Division has  looked at  alternatives that  would                 
  draw attention, but  the strike against  competitive leasing                 
  was  the fact  that  the lease  size  itself was  relatively                 
  small, which had  the potential of  forcing people to get  a                 
  lot of  competing interest that did not want to do things at                 
  the same time, he said.                                                      
                                                                               
  MR.  EASON  proposed  to  make  available those  areas  with                 
  undefined oil and gas potential an option, which would allow                 
  a  proposal to come in  for certain areas  to be offered and                 
  for  a  process  that would  involve  iterations  of picking                 
  competitive offers to  perform work over a  specified period                 
  of time in an area, the value of which would be the value of                 
  the offering.                                                                
                                                                               
  MR.  EASON  added  there  would   be  no  competitive  bonus                 
  associated  with  the offering,  but  people would  have the                 
  opportunity to compete  dollar to  dollar on an  exploration                 
  program.  The  one that  combined their interest,  suggested                 
  the  most  efficient,  cost  effective,  and  yet  the  most                 
  thorough exploration of that area would have the  right then                 
  to  select certain areas,  as well as  certain conditions to                 
                                                                               
                                                                               
  convert  portions  or all  of  that  area to  a  lease after                 
  exploration, he concluded.                                                   
                                                                               
  Number 055                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR  LEMAN  expressed  interest  in  lease  sales,  but                 
  deferred questions since the committee would be dealing with                 
  that in the future.                                                          
                                                                               
  SENATOR SHARP asked about the API  in the old Kuparuk field.                 
  He recalled it being very high.                                              
                                                                               
  MR. EASON concurred  with Senator Sharp's  recollection, but                 
  could  not remember  the  exact  number.    He  added  Point                 
  Thompson was very high, over 58 and higher.  Seal Island had                 
  a fairly high API gravity, and several discoveries from 1984                 
  on have had much higher gravity than that of Prudhoe Bay, he                 
  added.                                                                       
                                                                               
  SENATOR SHARP asked  if the API  at Prudhoe Bay and  Kuparuk                 
  was 26, 27, or 28 average.                                                   
                                                                               
  MR. EASON alleged Prudhoe Bay was about 28 and dropping, and                 
  Kuparuk was  in the lower  20s.  He  added Miller  Point was                 
  even lower.                                                                  
                                                                               
  Number 073                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN explained that the  API gravity was a formula                 
  based on a specific gravity as  well as the specific gravity                 
  of  water  and  the  specific   gravity  of  the  particular                 
  hydrocarbon.  Through  this formula  a number is  developed:                 
  The higher the number the more  water; the less viscous, the                 
  more vital the oil, he said.                                                 
                                                                               
  MR. EASON  added that  generally, the higher  the level  the                 
  better the oil was considered to be because it was easier to                 
  handle and  generally had  better refining  characteristics.                 
  He explained that the owners of the  pipeline had instituted                 
  among themselves  a penalty  called the  pumpability factor,                 
  which said if your oil did not pump as fast and a more drag-                 
  reducing agent had to be put in, an additional penalty would                 
  be incurred.  He  believed this was a very  legitimate thing                 
  to do while there was a  constraint on the volume that could                 
  be put through there.                                                        
                                                                               
  Number 140                                                                   
                                                                               
  CO-CHAIR GREEN asked if consideration had ever been given to                 
  utilizing the same  technically trained  people used by  the                 
  Commission  and  if   that  would   raise  the  problem   of                 
  confidentiality.                                                             
                                                                               
                                                                               
  MR. EASON replied in the affirmative.   However, in the past                 
  he had recommended a better cross of technical staff on both                 
  sides.  He added there  was no problem with  confidentiality                 
  as long as data from private lands was being reviewed.  As a                 
  matter of  convenience and cost savings the Division and the                 
  Commission had the  authority to take copies  of all surveys                 
  done as well as other information from each well as drilled,                 
  he added.                                                                    
                                                                               
  Number 170                                                                   
                                                                               
  REPRESENTATIVE  SANDERS asked  if Mr.  Eason was  personally                 
  concerned or confident about Alaska's future.                                
                                                                               
  MR. EASON stated  that he had  recently sold his house,  and                 
  personally was  very concerned  about Alaska's  future.   He                 
  believed there was  still a lot of oil in  Alaska that would                 
  be spread out over a large area and small accumulations that                 
  would require more  and more to  invest.  He concluded  that                 
  the North Slope oil was going to really decline and the kind                 
  of money that we have been used to having just was not going                 
  to be there anymore.                                                         
                                                                               
  Number 222                                                                   
                                                                               
  ADJOURNMENT                                                                  
                                                                               
  There being no  further testimony, CO-CHAIR GREEN  adjourned                 
  the meeting.                                                                 
                                                                               

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